Convert 3 from decimal to octal
(base 8) notation:
Raise our base of 8 to a power
Start at 0 and increasing by 1 until it is >= 3
80 = 1
81 = 8 <--- Stop: This is greater than 3
Since 8 is greater than 3, we use 1 power less as our starting point which equals 0
Work backwards from a power of 0
We start with a total sum of 0:
The highest coefficient less than 7 we can multiply this by to stay under 3 is 3
Multiplying this coefficient by our original value, we get: 3 * 1 = 3
Add our new value to our running total, we get:
0 + 3 = 3
This = 3, so we assign our outside coefficient of 3 for this digit.
Our new sum becomes 3
Our octal notation is now equal to 3